linux系统安装oracle

安装 oracle 21c (21.3)

• 快速安装 oracle 21c（下载地址），适用于：CentOS 7，不支持 Ubuntu

#.开始安装
cd /opt/
wget -c http://iso.sqlfans.cn/oracle/LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip
wget -c http://iso.sqlfans.cn/oracle/install_oracle_21c.sh
bash install_oracle_21c.sh /opt /data 1522

#.登陆测试
echo 'select instance_name,status from v$instance;' | su - oracle -c "sqlplus / as sysdba"

• 快速卸载

ps -ef | grep oracle | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
userdel -r oracle 2> /dev/null
rm -f /opt/install_oracle*.sh
rm -rf /data/oracle*
rm -rf /opt/oracle
rm -rf /opt/ORCLfmap
sed -i '/oracle/d' /etc/rc.local

安装 oracle 11g (11.2.0.4)

• 快速安装 oracle 11g（参考地址），适用于：CentOS 7，不支持 Ubuntu

#.开始安装
cd /opt/
wget -c http://iso.sqlfans.cn/oracle/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
wget -c http://iso.sqlfans.cn/oracle/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
wget -c http://iso.sqlfans.cn/oracle/install_oracle_11g.sh
bash install_oracle_11g.sh /opt /data 1522

#.登陆测试
echo 'select instance_name,status from v$instance;' | su - oracle -c "sqlplus / as sysdba"

• 快速卸载

ps -ef | grep oracle | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
userdel -r oracle 2> /dev/null
rm -f /opt/install_oracle*.sh
rm -rf /data/oracle*
rm -rf /opt/oracle
rm -rf /opt/ORCLfmap
sed -i '/oracle/d' /etc/rc.local

遇到的问题

• 问题1：同一台机器重复安装oracle会提示dbca执行失败，检查dbca.rsp与安装日志，提示SID已存在

[root@localhost opt]# cat /data/oracle_1522/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log
The Oracle system identifier(SID) "orcl" already exists. Specify another SID.

• 问题2：从 oracle 18c 开始，需要将安装包解压到 $ORACLE_HOME 目录下，否则静默安装的时候会抛出下面的错误

#.执行命令
./runInstaller -force -silent -noconfig -responseFile ./install/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereqFailure

#.报错如下
[FATAL] [INS-35954] The installer has detected that the Oracle home location provided in the response file is not correct.
   CAUSE: The Database Oracle home is the location from where the installer is executed. 
       It has been detected that the value set in the response file is different (/data/oracle_1522/product). Value expected is: /opt/oracle
   ACTION: It is not required to specify ORACLE_HOME in the response file for Database installation. 
       Alternatively, set it to the location of the installer (/opt/oracle).

• 问题3：从 oracle 18c 开始，应答文件路径发生变化：

#.以oracle 11g为例：
${base_dir}/oracle/response/db_install.rsp
${base_dir}/oracle/response/netca.rsp
${base_dir}/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
${data_dir}/oracle_1522/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
${data_dir}/oracle_1522/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

#.以oracle 21c为例：
$ORACLE_HOME/install/response/db_install.rsp
$ORACLE_HOME/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
$ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
${data_dir}/oracle_1522/homes/OraDB21Home1/network/admin/listener.ora
${data_dir}/oracle_1522/homes/OraDB21Home1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora